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3-4-proverka-urovnejj-zhidkostejj.html
3.4. Check of levels of liquids
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Below also some special procedures of service demanding performance of additional checks of levels of liquids are described. Regularly look under the car, checking it for existence of signs of development of leak of working liquids. |
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Authors of the present manual recommend to make check of levels of the main working liquids (motive oil, cooling liquid, liquid of washing of a windshield, battery electrolyte, liquid of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel) on a regular basis, at least through each 7500 km of a run. The others — according to the schedule THAT (see the Schedule of routine maintenance). |
Various hydraulic liquids play a role of working bodies in lubrication systems, coolings, braking, couplings, heating and air conditioning, washing of glasses, etc. In view of the fact that all liquids are subject to fluidifying and development eventually, and also during normal functioning of systems gradually become soiled, it is necessary to make their full replacement periodically. Before starting adjustment of level or replacement, study the list of the grades of liquids recommended for use in the car (see Specifications).
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When checking levels of liquids the car has to be parked on the flat horizontal platform, whenever possible with a hard coating. |
Motive oil
Visual control of leaks
At the greasy engine and a big consumption of oil check places of the most probable development of leaks.
- Open a cover of a jellied mouth and check consolidation for existence of cracks or damages;
- Ventilation of a case: For example, the ventilating hose going from a cover of a head of cylinders to an air inlet;
- Laying of a cover of a head of cylinders;
- Laying of a head of cylinders;
- Drain stopper of the pallet of a case (sealing ring / washer);
- Laying of an oil filter;
- Laying of the pallet of a case;
- Forward and back epiploons of a bent shaft.
As in the presence of thinnesses oil spreads on the big surface of the engine, at once it is complex to define places of leaks. For detection of leaks act as follows.
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- Wrap the generator in polyethylene. Spray the engine a usual cold cleaner and through short time wash out water on car wash.
- Strew joints of components of the engine outside with lime or talc.
- Check oil level, if necessary add.
- Make a trial trip. As the warmed oil has smaller viscosity and quicker acts in places of leaks, make a short trip on distance about 30 km on the high-speed route.
- In conclusion investigate the engine by means of a lamp and localize places of leaks, having eliminated malfunctions.
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Check of level
Check of level of oil has to be made before the first in the present day trip, or about 15 minutes later after an engine stop. If to execute check immediately after switching off of the engine, its results will adequately not reflect a situation as a part of oil will be distributed on internal galleries and components of the engine.
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- Take the measuring probe from the directing tube and dry wipe its edge with pure rags or a paper towel. Insert the probe back into a tube against the stop, then again take. Having examined a probe edge, estimate the size of the site moistened with oil. Level of oil has to be between the top and lower marks in a probe edge. In case of need add the corresponding amount of oil of the required grade in the engine.
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- Rise in level from the lower (L) mark in the probe to top (N) requires slightly less than one liter of oil. Lowering of level out of limits of the lower bound of admissible range leads to development of oil starvation of the engine fraught with serious mechanical damages of the last. Try not to pour also oil above the top mark as it can lead to a pelting of spark plugs or failure of epiploons of the power unit as a result of excessive increase in pressure.
- To fill in oil in the engine it is necessary to uncover equipped with a carving of a jellied mouth (see the illustration Scheme of an Arrangement of Subjects to check of components of a motive compartment). In order to avoid spraying of oil during its gas station in the engine use a funnel, or a butterdish with a long nose. Having filled in oil, screw and strongly tighten a cover of a jellied mouth, then start the engine and attentively examine a drain stopper and the surface of an oil filter interfaced to the block on existence of signs of leaks. Kill the engine, wait about 15 minutes during which oil will merge in the pallet, then double-check its level.
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Check of level of engine oil is the important preventive procedure of service of the engine. Continuous decrease in level demonstrates existence of leak of oil as a result of failure of epiploons, damage of sealing laying, wear of piston rings or the directing plugs of valves. If oil on color or a consistence reminds milk, or at it there are water drops, it speaks about possible damage of laying of a head of cylinders, or formation of cracks to a body of a head(s) or the block. Check has to be made immediately. During measurement of level of oil always check also its state. Big and index fingers remove oil traces from a probe edge — in case of presence at it of small metal particles oil is subject to replacement (see Replacement of motive oil and an oil filter).
Cooling liquid of the engine
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Do not allow hit of antifreeze on open parts of the body and the painted surfaces of the car. Immediately wash away casual splashes a plentiful amount of water. Remember that antifreeze is extremely toxic liquid and its hit in an organism even in small amounts is fraught with the most serious consequences, up to a lethal outcome. Never leave antifreeze stored in leaky closed container, immediately collect the cooling liquid spilled on a floor. Remember that the sweetish smell of antifreeze can draw to itself attention of children and animals. About ways utilization of the fulfilled cooling liquid consult with local authorities. In many regions of the world special points on different reception of working off are equipped. Do not merge old cooling liquid in the sewerage and on the earth at all! |
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Recently nontoxical grades of antifreeze are developed, nevertheless, they also had to be utilized in an organized order. |
The Infiniti cars are equipped with the standard cooling system of compensation type working with an excessive pressure. The broad tank of the cooling system made of translucent plastic is located in the left forward corner of a motive compartment closely to the battery (see the illustration Scheme of an Arrangement of Subjects to check of components of a motive compartment) and connected by an overflow hose to the basis of a jellied mouth of a radiator. At warming up of the engine cooling liquid extends, and its surplus flows via the valve which is built in in a cover of a jellied mouth of a radiator, in a broad tank. In process of cooling, liquid comes back on a hose in a radiator that allows to support constantly normal its level in system.
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Do not uncover a jellied mouth of a radiator / a broad tank at the hot engine at all! At manufacturer in system the high-quality antifreeze containing anticorrosive additives is filled in. |
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Level of cooling liquid in a broad tank is checked on a regular basis and at the cold engine should not fall below the mark MIN in a wall of the tank manufactured of translucent plastic. In case of need make the corresponding adjustment, having added in a tank the required quantity is fresher than mix. |
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For adjustment of level of liquid use only the required structure mix of ethylene glycol and the distilled water (about 50/50) which is not freezing at temperatures up to -30 °C. Remember that idle time of water leads frequent application for this purpose to gradual fluidifying of antifreeze and losing by mix of frost resistance and anticorrosive properties. It is also not necessary to abuse various type additives. |
Continuous falling of level of cooling liquid usually demonstrates development of leaks in system. Check a radiator, connecting hoses, a cover of a jellied mouth, drain traffic jams and the case of the water pump for existence of traces of leaks. If it is not possible to reveal any signs of leaks, it is necessary to make check of a cover of a radiator pressure in the conditions of a workshop of car service.
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Do not uncover a radiator / a broad tank at the hot engine at all! |
In need of removal of a cover of a radiator wait for full cooling of the engine, then wind a mouth with a thick layer of rags and slowly turn off a cover to the first emphasis. If at the same time there is steam emission, let's the engine cool down a little more, only after it finally uncover.
Besides level always check also a condition of cooling liquid — it has to be rather transparent. If cooling liquid is painted in henna-red color of a rust, the cooling system has to be emptied, washed out and filled with fresh mix of antifreeze with water. Even if liquid externally is not exposed to any changes, the corrosion inhibitors which are its part are exposed eventually to development therefore cooling liquid has to be replaced regularly according to the Schedule of routine maintenance of the car (see the Schedule of routine maintenance).
Try not to allow hits of antifreeze on open sites of skin or the painted surfaces of body components. Immediately wash away casual splashes a plentiful amount of water.
Liquid for washing of a windshield
Liquid for washing of a windshield is filled in in the special tank manufactured of plastic located in the right forward corner of a motive compartment ahead of the rechargeable battery (see the illustration Scheme of an Arrangement of Subjects to check of components of a motive compartment). In regions with a temperate climate as liquid for washing of glass clear water can be used, however it is not necessary to fill the tank more than on 2/3 for the purpose of compensation of expansion of water at its freezing during frosts. At operation of the car in severe climatic conditions to use only patent screen wipers providing the corresponding decrease in a freezing point of liquid. In order to avoid frosting of glass when washing in cold weather previously warm up it by an obduv the air passed via the heater heat exchanger.
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Rules of configuration of mix are usually printed to the label of a container. Do not apply to addition in liquid of washing of glasses the antifreeze used in the cooling system at all — the last is aggressive in relation to a paint and varnish covering of body panels! |
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The cover of the tank is equipped with the built-in measured tube made of transparent material. For check of level of liquid in the tank, stop up with a finger an opening in a cover and remove the last from a jellied mouth. If liquid in a tube is absent, it is necessary to fill in fresh mix in the tank. |
Electrolyte of the rechargeable battery
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The case of regularly installed battery is manufactured of translucent plastic and equipped with measured lines of check of level of electrolyte.
If the level of electrolyte falls below the mark MIN, it is necessary to make its adjustment, having added in each of battery cans the corresponding amount of the distilled water through the mouths equipped with traffic jams. |
If for any reason the battery was replaced on opaque, check of level of electrolyte is made by a reversing of control / jellied traffic jams — electrolyte has to hide plates of lamels completely.
Especially attentively it is necessary to watch electrolyte level in warm season.
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For adjustment of level of electrolyte it is necessary to use only the distilled water! |
Hydraulic liquid of the brake system
The Main Brake Cylinder (MBC) is fixed on the block of the servo-driver of the vacuum amplifier of brakes (see the illustration Scheme of an Arrangement of Subjects to check of components of a motive compartment) at the left on a back partition of a motive compartment. The tank of hydraulic liquid is fixed directly on GTTs.
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Liquid level in the tank is well looked through through its translucent walls and has to be supported between the marks MIN and MOVE, without reaching to top on 8 — 9 mm. |
In case of need adjustments of level of liquid carefully wipe a cover of the corresponding tank and a surface around it with pure rags in order to avoid hit in hydraulic system of dirt.
At a liquid flood in the tank you watch that it was not sprayed on the surrounding painted surfaces of body elements. Add to each of systems only DOT 3 liquid (see Specifications) — mixing of two liquids of various grade is inadmissible by no means and can lead to refusal of the corresponding system!
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Brake fluid is extremely chemically aggressive — do not allow hit it in eyes and on the painted surfaces of body panels! Do not use for addition in system the hydraulic liquid which staid more than one year, or stored in leaky closed container. Remember that brake fluid is very hygroscopic, i.e. has ability to absorb moisture from air therefore efficiency of functioning of the brake system can dangerously decrease! |
At a stage of adjustment of level it is necessary to check also attentively a condition of liquid and internal walls of the tank. In case of identification of mud deposits, firm foreign particles or drops of water the system has to be emptied, filled with fresh hydraulic liquid and is pumped over.
After the tank is filled to the required level, densely tighten its cover.
Remember that the level of hydraulic liquid in the GTTs tank in process of operation of frictional overlays of brake shoes gradually falls, however this decrease is always very insignificant. If liquid has to be added too often, therefore, in system leak which source has to be immediately revealed takes place, and the cause is removed — attentively examine all brake lines and their nipple connections, including supports, wheel cylinders and the servo-driver of the vacuum amplifier (for more details see Check of the brake system). Falling of level of liquid in the tank of a hydraulic actuator of coupling demonstrates development of leaks in a path, including the executive cylinder.
If during check of level of liquid the fact that its tank all brake path has to be almost devastated is elicited it is pumped completely over.
Liquid of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel
The tank of liquid of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel is located in a back part of a motive compartment (see the illustration Scheme of an Arrangement of Subjects to check of components of a motive compartment).
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The cover of the tank is equipped with the built-in measuring probe. Two measured scales are applied on an edge of the probe — one (COLD) for check of cold liquid (0 — 30 °C), second (HOT) — is hotter (50 — 80 °C). A procedure for test standard for all measurements by means of probes. |
Try not to allow a liquid level exit out of limits of the lower bound of admissible range.
In case of need make the corresponding adjustment of level, having added hydraulic liquid of the required grade (Nissan PSF II type) in a tank mouth.
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Try not to pour liquid above admissible border on the corresponding scale of the probe. |
If need for adjustment of level of liquid arises regularly and often, check the steering pump, a case of the steering mechanism, and also all connecting lines of a hydraulic path of system and their nipple connections for existence of signs of leaks.
ATF
Correctness of the ATF level is one of critical operational parameters of the cars equipped with AT. Excessive falling of the ATF level can lead to pro-slipping of the hydrotransformer whereas the excessive amount of liquid leads to its foaming, to formation of leaks and is fraught with a transmission exit out of operation.
Check of the ATF level has to be made at the transmission warmed up to the normal working temperature (about 5 minutes of a run, 50 — 80 °C).
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It is not necessary to make check of the ATF level right after operation of the car at high speeds, in the conditions of a city cycle in hot weather, or after towage of the trailer — previously let's liquid cool down within about 30 minutes! |
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- Park the car on the flat horizontal platform with a hard coating, strongly cock the parking brake. If the engine cold, start it and warm up up to the normal working temperature on single turns. At the working engine squeeze out a pedal of a foot brake and serially carry out the AT selector lever through all provisions, in conclusion, having returned it to situation "P".
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- Without stopping the engine, take from the directing tube the measuring probe (see the illustration Scheme of an Arrangement of Subjects to check of components of a motive compartment).
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- Fingers remove traces of ATF from a probe edge and to the touch estimate its condition.
- Carefully wipe an edge with pure rags and enter the probe back into the directing tube, having densely put a stopper on a tube cut.
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- Again take the probe and from the relevant party of an edge of the probe determine the ATF level in a transmission case by length of the moistened site of an edge. In case of need make the corresponding adjustment, through a funnel having added liquid of the required grade (Nissan Matic "D", DexronTM III or MerconTM type) to transmission — fill in ATF directly in a mouth of the directing tube of the measuring probe.
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Rise in the ATF level from the lower bound of working range of the probe to top requires about 0.6 l of liquid — add ATF in the small portions in stages, every time checking level.
Along with level it is necessary to check as well a condition of ATF. If the liquid moistening the end of an edge of the probe has a dark red-brown shade, or smells of ashes, ATF should be replaced. In the absence of confidence in correctness of assessment of a condition of transmission liquid compare it on color and a smell to fresh ATF.
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